Electrospinning is currently the only technique that allows the fabrication of continuous fibers with diameters down to a few nanometers. The method can be applied to synthetic and natural polymers, polymer alloys, and polymers loaded with chromophores, nanoparticles, or active agents, as well as to metals and ceramics. Fibers with complex architectures, such as core–shell fibers or hollow fibers, can be produced by special electrospinning methods. It is also possible to produce structures ranging from single fibers to ordered arrangements of fibers. Electrospinning is not only employed in university laboratories, but is also increasingly being applied in industry. The scope of applications, in fields as diverse as optoelectronics, sensor technology, catalysis, filtration, and medicine, is very broad